General Information

  • ID:  hor005495
  • Uniprot ID:  P12705
  • Protein name:  Insulin B chain
  • Gene name:  ins
  • Organism:  Torpedo marmorata (Marbled electric ray)
  • Family:  insulin family
  • Source:  Animal
  • Expression:  NA
  • Disease:  NA
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:  Torpedo (genus), Torpedinidae (family), Torpediniformes (order), Batoidea (superorder), Elasmobranchii (subclass), Chondrichthyes (class), Gnathostomata, Vertebrata, Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia, Bilateria, Eumetazoa, Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta, Eukaryota (superkingdom), cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0005179 hormone activity
  • GO BP:  GO:0005975 carbohydrate metabolic process; GO:0006006 glucose metabolic process; GO:0007165 signal transduction
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  LPSQHLCGSHLVEALYFVCGPKGFYYLPKA
  • Length:  30(1-30)
  • Propeptide:  LPSQHLCGSHLVEALYFVCGPKGFYYLPKAXXFVDSLAGYSKHQNGGISGIVEHCCHNTCSLFDLEGYCN
  • Signal peptide:  NA
  • Modification:  NA
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver.
  • Mechanism:  NA
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  NA
  • Target Unid:   NA
  • IC50:  NA
  • EC50:  NA
  • ED50:  NA
  • Kd:  NA
  • Half life:  NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  NA
  • Structure ID:  NA

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    hor005495_AF2.pdbhor005495_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 385639 Formula: C158H233N37O39S2
Absent amino acids: DIMNRTW Common amino acids: L
pI: 8.23 Basic residues: 4
Polar residues: 10 Hydrophobic residues: 11
Hydrophobicity: 29.67 Boman Index: 765
Half-Life / Aliphatic Index: 5.5 hour Aliphatic Index: 91
Instability Index: 4749.67 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 4595
Absorbance 280nm: 158.45

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  3549433
  • Title:  Primary structure of insulin and a truncated C-peptide from an elasmobranchian fish, Torpedo marmorata.